Solubility: Freely soluble in water, sparingly soluble in methanol, and insoluble in ethanol or ether
pKa: 2.6-3.0 (at 25°C)
Physical Properties
pH Value: When dissolved in water to a concentration of 0.1g/mL, the pH value should be between 4.0 and 6.5.
Clarity: When dissolved in water to a concentration of 0.1g/mL, the solution should be clear.
Specific Rotation: Ranges between -35.0° and -44.0° when measured under specific conditions.
Pharmaceutical Properties
Antibacterial Spectrum: Cefamandole nafate has a broad antibacterial spectrum, being effective against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. It is particularly effective against anaerobic bacteria such as clostridia, meningococci, gonococci, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Hemophilus influenzae, and indole-positive Proteus.
Mechanism of Action: By binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) on the bacterial cell membrane, cefamandole nafate inhibits the synthesis of bacterial septum and cell wall, affecting the cross-linking of cell wall mucopeptide components, thereby inhibiting cell division and growth, leading to bacterial elongation, dissolution, and death.
Metabolism and Excretion: Cefamandole nafate is rapidly hydrolyzed in vivo to cefamandole, which is then excreted unchanged in the urine via glomerular filtration and tubular secretion.
