Prokinetic Agent: Domperidone acts as a prokinetic agent, meaning it enhances gastrointestinal motility. It strengthens the lower esophageal sphincter tone, which helps in reducing gastroesophageal reflux.
Antiemetic: It exerts antiemetic effects through its antagonistic action on dopamine D2 receptors located in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) and the stomach. This action helps in reducing nausea and vomiting.
Gastric Emptying: Domperidone promotes gastric emptying by enhancing the contraction of the antral part of the stomach and improving the coordination between the stomach and duodenal muscles.
Dopamine Antagonist: Acting primarily as a peripheral dopamine D2 receptor antagonist, domperidone does not readily cross the blood-brain barrier, thus minimizing central nervous system side effects such as sedation, which are common with other antiemetic drugs like metoclopramide.
Hormonal Effects: It can increase prolactin levels due to its dopamine antagonist activity, which can be leveraged in certain lactation-related medical conditions but may also cause hyperprolactinemia as a side effect.
