Oseltamivir is an antiviral medication that selectively inhibits the activity of influenza virus neuraminidase, an enzyme involved in the release of newly formed particles from infected cells, thereby limiting the spread of the virus within the respiratory tract.
Inhibition of Neuraminidase: Oseltamivir works by binding to the active site of the neuraminidase enzyme, which is found on the surface of both influenza A and B viruses. By inhibiting neuraminidase, the drug prevents the cleavage of sialic acid residues, which is necessary for the release of new viral particles from infected host cells.
Prevention of Viral Spread: The inhibition of neuraminidase results in a decrease in the release of progeny viral particles, reducing the spread of the virus within the respiratory system and aiding the immune system in controlling the infection.
