Miglitol is an oral anti-diabetic compound belonging to the class of α-glucosidase inhibitors.
Basic Information
English Name: Miglitol
CAS Number: 72432-03-2
Molecular Formula: C8H17NO5
Molecular Weight: 207.22
Pharmacological Action
Miglitol acts as an α-glucosidase inhibitor by inhibiting the α-glucosidases present on the brush border of the small intestinal mucosa (including maltase, isomaltase, sucrase, and glucoamylase). This inhibition delays the hydrolysis of polysaccharides and oligosaccharides in food and the absorption of glucose, thereby effectively controlling postprandial hyperglycemia. Unlike some other α-glucosidase inhibitors, Miglitol has a lesser effect on carbohydrate hydrolysis in the colon, resulting in fewer gastrointestinal adverse reactions.
Clinical Applications
Miglitol is primarily used in the treatment of diabetes, particularly as part of a comprehensive approach to glycemic control, including dietary modifications.
Studies have shown that Miglitol may be more effective than acarbose in reducing glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and postprandial glucose levels.
Like other α-glucosidase inhibitors, Miglitol can cause gastrointestinal discomfort, but most patients can gradually tolerate it without discontinuing therapy.
