Structure: Doxorubicin hydrochloride has a specific chemical structure that includes an anthracycline ring system and a hydrochloride salt form.
Solubility: It is soluble in DMSO and can be dissolved in water with heating or ultrasonic assistance.
Pharmacological Properties
Mechanism of Action: Doxorubicin hydrochloride is a DNA intercalator and a powerful cytotoxic agent. It binds to DNA and inhibits the activity of topoisomerase II, which is essential for DNA replication and repair. This leads to DNA damage and the induction of apoptosis in cancer cells.
Antitumor Activity: Doxorubicin hydrochloride demonstrates broad-spectrum antitumor activity against various types of cancer, including breast cancer, lymphoma, leukemia, and sarcomas.
Applications
Therapeutic Use: Doxorubicin hydrochloride is indicated for the treatment of patients with various types of cancer, including acute and chronic leukemias, lymphomas, breast cancer, and sarcomas.
Dosage and Administration: It is typically administered intravenously as a single agent or in combination with other anticancer drugs. The dosage and schedule are determined by the physician based on factors such as the patient's body surface area, general health, and type of cancer being treated.
