Appearance and Characteristics: White to off-white crystalline solid
Density: 1.83
Melting Point: 227°C
Refractive Index: 1.74
Solubility: Soluble in dimethylformamide (DMSO), slightly soluble in methanol, very slightly soluble in ethanol, and practically insoluble in toluene, chloroform, or ethyl acetate. The solubility in DMSO at 25°C is 75 mg/mL.
III. Chemical Properties and Stability
Aztreonam is a synthetic monocyclic β-lactam antibiotic that is highly stable to β-lactamases.
Under appropriate storage conditions (e.g., as a powder, it can be stored for 3 years at -20°C and for 2 years at 4°C), Aztreonam maintains its chemical stability and activity.
IV. Pharmacological Effects and Uses
Aztreonam is highly effective against Gram-negative aerobic bacteria, with an antibacterial spectrum that includes Escherichia coli, Klebsiella species, Proteus species, Serratia species, Citrobacter species, Haemophilus influenzae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and others.
It is resistant to Gram-positive aerobic bacteria and anaerobes.
It is widely distributed in the body but does not easily penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Most of it is excreted unchanged in the urine, with a half-life of approximately 1.6 hours.
It is primarily used for urinary tract infections, respiratory infections, abdominal infections, biliary tract infections, pelvic infections, bone and joint infections, skin and soft tissue infections, gonorrhea, sepsis, and other conditions caused by sensitive bacteria.
