Basic Information

• English Name: Levocarnitine

• Synonyms: L-Carnitine, Vitamin BT, 3-Hydroxy-4-(trimethylammonio)-butanoate

• CAS Number: 541-15-1

• Molecular Formula: C7H15NO3

• Molecular Weight: 161.20 g/mol

Pharmacological Action

Levocarnitine plays a crucial role in the metabolism of fatty acids and helps convert them into energy in the following ways:

1.     Fatty Acid Transport:

o    Levocarnitine is essential for the transport of long-chain fatty acids across the inner mitochondrial membrane, where they undergo β-oxidation to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

2.     Energy Production:

o    By facilitating the transport and subsequent oxidation of fatty acids, Levocarnitine is integral in sustaining energy production, particularly in tissues with high energy demands like muscles and the heart.

3.     Ammonia Detoxification:

o    Levocarnitine helps in detoxifying excess ammonia in the body by forming acetylcarnitine, which enhances the excretion of ammonia, thus aiding in urea cycle disorders.

4.     Peripheral Neuropathy:

o    It may improve symptomatic relief in patients with peripheral neuropathy, particularly in conditions like diabetic neuropathy and neuropathies due to chronic renal failure.

5.     Carnitine Deficiency:

o    Levocarnitine supplementation is indicated in primary and secondary carnitine deficiency, ensuring proper fatty acid catabolism and energy production.

6.     Cardioprotection:

o    It may provide protective effects in cardiac diseases by improving cardiac metabolism and reducing oxidative stress-related damage.

7.     Muscle Metabolism:

o    Levocarnitine assists in improving muscle metabolism and function, which can be particularly beneficial for athletes and patients suffering from muscle fatigue and weakness.