Chemical Information:

• English Name: 1-Adamantanamine Hydrochloride

• Synonyms: Amantadine Hydrochloride, 1-Adamantylamine      Hydrochloride, Tricyclamine

• CAS Number: 665-66-7

• Molecular Formula: C10H17N·HCl

• Molecular Weight: 187.71 g/mol

Pharmacological Actions:

Amantadine Hydrochloride (1-Adamantanamine Hydrochloride) is used both as an antiviral and as an antiparkinsonian agent.

1.     Antiviral Action:

o    Inhibition of Viral Replication: Amantadine hydrochloride interferes with the replication of influenza A viruses by blocking the viral M2 ion channel protein. This prevents the uncoating of the virus within the host cell, thereby inhibiting viral replication.

o    Clinical Use: Primarily used for the prophylaxis and treatment of influenza A virus infections.

2.     Antiparkinsonian Action:

o    Dopaminergic Action: Amantadine hydrochloride increases dopamine release and blocks dopamine reuptake in the central nervous system, enhancing dopaminergic transmission.

o    NMDA Receptor Antagonism: It also acts as an antagonist of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, which plays a role in reducing excitotoxicity and improving motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease.