English Name: Haloperidol Synonyms: Haldol, Serenace CAS Number: 52-86-8 Molecular Formula: C21H23ClFNO2 Molecular Weight: 375.87 g/mol
Pharmacological Actions
Haloperidol is a typical antipsychotic medication primarily used to treat schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. Its pharmacological effects include:
1.Dopamine Receptor Antagonism: Haloperidol works mainly by blocking dopamine D2 receptors in the brain. This helps reduce psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, and agitation.
2.Antiemetic Properties: Due to its dopamine antagonism in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) and solitary tract nucleus, Haloperidol is also effective as an antiemetic for preventing nausea and vomiting.
3.Behavioral Stabilization: It contributes to calming effects in patients with acute psychosis or severe agitation.
4.Tardive Dyskinesia Risk: Long-term use of haloperidol is associated with a risk of developing tardive dyskinesia, a condition characterized by repetitive, involuntary movements.
5.Other Neurochemical Effects: Haloperidol also exhibits weak anticholinergic and antihistaminic activity, contributing to its side effect profile which may include dry mouth, constipation, and sedation.
