Type of Drug: Paliperidone is an atypical antipsychotic used primarily in the treatment of schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder.
Mechanism of Action: Paliperidone works by affecting certain neurotransmitters in the brain. Specifically:
Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonism: Paliperidone binds to dopamine D2 receptors, minimizing the overactivity of dopamine, which is thought to be elevated in certain psychiatric disorders.
Serotonin 5-HT2A Receptor Antagonism: It also antagonizes serotonin 5-HT2A receptors, which can help with mood stabilization and reduce the incidence of negative symptoms in psychosis.
Alpha-1 and Alpha-2 Adrenergic Receptor Antagonism: This contributes to its effects on blood pressure and may result in side effects such as orthostatic hypotension.
Histamine H1 Receptor Antagonism: This can lead to side effects like sedation and weight gain.
