Glipizide is a potent, orally active sulfonylurea anti-diabetic agent primarily used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (non-insulin-dependent diabetes).
Basic Information
Generic Name: Glipizide
Chemical Formula: C21H27N5O4S
Molecular Weight: 445.54
CAS Registry Number: 29094-61-9
Pharmacological Action
Glipizide exerts its activity by partially blocking the ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP) in the Langerhans islet cells, enhancing the responsiveness of functional β-cells in the pancreas to blood glucose levels, promoting insulin release, and increasing the sensitivity of peripheral tissues to insulin. It also decreases hepatic glucose output. The ultimate effect is a significant reduction in both fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels without increasing fasting insulin levels.
Indications
Glipizide is indicated for the treatment of mild to moderate non-insulin-dependent (type 2) diabetes mellitus in patients where dietary management alone has not achieved adequate glycemic control.
