Acarbose is a frequently prescribed oral hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of diabetes.
Basic Information
Generic Name: Acarbose
CAS No.: 56180-94-0
Molecular Formula: C25H43NO18
Molecular Weight: 645.61
Pharmacological Action
Acarbose acts as an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor. Its structure resembles oligosaccharides, inhibiting the activity of maltase, isomaltase, and sucrase, thereby slowing down the breakdown of starch or sucrose into glucose and fructose. This helps in managing postprandial hyperglycemia and reducing the overall average blood glucose levels. It primarily works within the gut, competitively inhibiting glucosidases, thus delaying the absorption of carbohydrates, resulting in a more gradual rise in blood glucose levels.
Indications
Acarbose is indicated for the treatment of both insulin-dependent (Type 1) and non-insulin-dependent (Type 2) diabetes mellitus. In Type 2 diabetes, it can be used in combination with other oral hypoglycemic agents. For Type 1 diabetes, it can be combined with insulin therapy to effectively control blood glucose levels.
